This is a general, non-specific term used to describe a chronic exercise induced (usually running) shin pain.

The important point is to diagnose the cause of the shin splints. For example, one of the more common causes  is Periostitis, which is an inflammation/ stress response of the bone lining (periosteum) caused by muscular traction forces. Periostitis of the front and inner aspect of the lower shin is specifically termed Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome.

We often resort to a variety of investigations to confirm the clinical diagnosis, particularly if there is concern about the presence of a stress fracture. If plain X-rays are normal, a Technetium bone scan will help differentiate between a periostitis and a stress fracture. MRI can also be used.

Treatment usually revolves around a reduction or change in activity level.

Post-exertional ice massage together with a short course of anti-inflammatory medication and taping may help medial tibial stress syndrome. Stress fractures require the avoidance of impact activities for up to 3 months, sometimes longer depending on the severity and location of the injury.

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